Collector Glossary: COA, LOA, NFC & Authentication Terms

Authentication and market terms used across Gauntlet Gallery listings, guides, and market pages — each explained in plain language so you know exactly what a claim means before you rely on it.

COA — Certificate of Authenticity

A document stating who verified the work and what was verified. Value depends entirely on the issuer — an artist, publisher, or recognized third party carries weight; a generic seller certificate does not.

LOA — Letter of Authenticity

A signed letter from an authenticator or previous owner describing the item and the basis for authentication. Common for autographs and memorabilia.

PSA/DNA — Professional Sports Authenticator / DNA division

Third-party autograph authentication service. Issues tamper-evident holograms with serial numbers you can verify in PSA's online database.

JSA — James Spence Authentication

Third-party autograph authentication service, widely accepted for music and sports signatures. Certificates carry serials verifiable on JSA's site.

Beckett (BAS) Beckett Authentication Services

Third-party autograph authentication with online serial lookup, commonly used for signed music memorabilia and guitars.

OneCOA — OneCOA NFC certificate

An NFC-chip-backed certificate used for designer collectibles such as KAWS and BE@RBRICK. Tap the chip with a phone to load the digital record.

TrueCOA — TrueCOA blockchain certificate

Gauntlet Gallery's blockchain-anchored certificate: the item record is written to the Polygon blockchain and verifiable through the TrueCOA lookup.

NFC — Near-Field Communication

A small chip embedded in a certificate or tag. Tapping it with a phone opens the item's digital authentication record — hard to counterfeit, easy to verify.

AP — Artist's Proof

A print outside the numbered edition, traditionally reserved for the artist. Usually marked "AP" instead of an edition number; often commands a premium.

Edition / Numbering — Edition size and print number

Written as 25/450: print number 25 of an edition of 450. The number should match the documented release size for that work.

Provenance — Ownership history

The documented chain of ownership: invoices, gallery records, auction results, prior sales. Strong provenance is often worth more than a generic certificate.

Source cuts — Filtered data slices

In our market data, a "cut" is a filtered slice of the sales database — e.g. priced, dated sales at or above $90 for one artist. Cuts are defined so medians compare like with like.

Authentication guidance is informational and cannot replace review by the proper artist, publisher, authenticator, or specialist where required.